Factors Affecting Sponsorship Effectiveness in Egypt

â€Å"Construct conceptual model that measures the factors affecting sponsorship effectiveness in Egypt† 1. Introduction Sponsorship can be defined as a business relationship that is mutually beneficial between the sponsor and the sponsored (Olkkonen and Tuominen, 2006). Sport sponsorship is considered to be one of the essential forms of sponsorship that involves sponsoring sport associations, teams, athletes, facilities, events, leagues and competitions (Tsiotsou and Alexandris, 2008). Over the last decades corporate investments on sponsorship have increased dramatically as well as the rapid increase in sponsorship expenditures worldwide from $2 billion in 1984 to $28 billion in 2004 (Carrillat et al., 2005; Koo et al., 2006). Nowadays companies started to consider sponsorship as part of their marketing strategy for many reasons in addition to being cost effective method as a marketing communication tool, for example to: increase brand awareness; create brand image; re-position the brand/product in the minds of consumers; increase profit over a short period; and achieve larger market share (Marshall and Cook, 1992; Thwaites, 1995, Pelsmacker et al, 2005). Recent academic research, however, has addressed the importance of attitude research in understanding sponsorship outcomes (Alexandris et al., 2007). A variety of attitudinal and behavioral outcomes, such as media exposure, awareness, recognition and recall rates, sponsor image, purchase intentions, and word-of-mouthShow MoreRelatedWRSX GLOBAL ADVERTISING MARKETING COMMUNICATION Essay5642 Words   |  23 Pagesthe resources efficiently because wasting of resources will cause more cost for the company. 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Ignoring outside elements also canRead MoreCompany Valuation Report for Bp20320 Words   |  82 Pagesbiggest two competitor of BP is ExxonMobil and Chevron. ExxonMobil and Chevron are chosen due to their similarities to BP and they are ranked top two major oil companies among the oil industry. In our report, we have that the identified major issues affecting BP’s financial activities during the past five years are namely: †¢ †¢ †¢ Gulf of Mexico Oil Spill Global Financial Crisis Global Demand of Natural Gas Consumption A computation of DuPont ROE between BP, Chevron and ExxonMobil was analyzed and itRead MoreBanking Concepts and Practices39548 Words   |  159 Pageshumanity. ANCIENT WORLD: The system was started by the Babylonians before 2000 BC. The practice of granting credit was widely prevalent in ancient Greece and Rome. Credit by compensation and by transfer orders is traced to Assyria, Phoenicia and Egypt even before its development in Greece and Rome. 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Canada s Policy Difference Of The United States Essay

Canada’s policy difference The assessment of Canada’s housing policy is based more upon the need of its citizen versus the right. Over the years, homelessness has developed in size and complication in Canada (Gaetz, Tarasuk, Dachner, Kirkpatrick, 2006). Originally, the homeless crisis was a major concern of urban centers like Montreal, Laval, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, and Toronto, but rising frequency of homelessness in the suburbs is compelling an immediate response (Laird, 2007). In response to the surmounting homelessness that Canada is facing, the Federal Government of Canada proposed $120 million annually from April 2014 until April 2019 with $700 million in new funding to renew its Homelessness Partnering Strategy (HPS) in Action Plan 2011(Government of Canada, 2016). The response to the surmounting threat of homelessness is comparable to the response the United States taken with the PATH policy. Similar to the United States’ policy, Canada’s response is community-based to the n eed of the citizen afflicted. However, there are key differences in policy such as the PATH policy offers outreach services, screening and diagnostic treatment services, and case management services that are more individual intensive (Benefits.Gov, 2016). Canada’s policies addressing homelessness There are several policies that Canada have in place in order to safeguard against homelessness. There are the Homelessness Partnering Strategy, Canada s Economic Action Plan 2013, and Canada’sShow MoreRelatedCanadian United States Foreign Policy953 Words   |  4 PagesCanadian-United States Foreign Policy, Consistent and Thriving I hypothesize that the current US policy with Canada makes sense and is beneficial to both countries. 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Goal of a Designer Free Essays

The ultimate goal of Instructional Design is to quickly and effectively teach people a new skill, or system of thinking. Elliot Masie, editor of TechLearn Trends, suggests â€Å"all training is about behavioral stimulation that changes human beings on some level.† (Masie, 1998, p. We will write a custom essay sample on Goal of a Designer or any similar topic only for you Order Now 14) This is a tall order â€Å"to change human beings†, and therefore, any professional instructor that accepts this challenge must ask plenty of fundamental questions first. These essential questions are part of a process known as Needs Assessment. An instructor needs this information to choose tools for the program; the more you know your audience, both customer and learners, the more successful the program will be. There are several need assessment models to follow, but I will use â€Å"The Zemke-Kramlinger Model of the Major Human and Organizational Factors that Affect People Performance in an Organization†. Their model asks hard questions in three different categories: Without this information, the designer is only guessing. Once a designer is confident the needs assessment has provided a solid foundation to start building a program, different tools, or media, should be considered. The variety of tools ranges from simple (print) to high tech (satellite dish communication). The American Society for Training and Development has published a book that outlines an eight-step process for assisting in selection of the proper tools. The steps are as follows: 1. Understand all the training tools available with the benefits and drawbacks of their use. 2. List the media delivery that will work for your audience at their capability level. 3. Evaluate your media list with the goals of training, and level of audience in mind. 5. Synthesize findings and establish â€Å"core media†. 6. Consider auxiliary media that would augment your â€Å"core media†. 7. Identify any implementation issues, organizational requirements, or technical limitations which could prevent successful use of your â€Å"core media†. 8. Prepare your conclusion in a formal report for management. With all the preparation out of the way, just what tools are we talking about? Here is a list of possibilities: With information on the objectives, learners, the company, budget, constraints etc., a program can be designed that is tailored for customer and learner. In an article titled â€Å"Crank Up Your Coolness Quotient† , designers are warned of the dangers in making a program to flashy, or cool, using multimedia and sacrificing the learning. The pull is understandable. Using a multimedia program, an instructor can challenge the student to read, watch, listen, guess, explore, try and fail. This much interaction gives the material more time to assimilate in the students experience. For all the pluses, there are just as many negatives. The drawback that stops many programs from developing in multimedia is the cost. The bells and whistles are very expensive; yet, depending on the situation, the cost may be justified. On the other hand, is the technology over the student capability? What about losing the learning in the technology? Does the client have the equipment that will run advanced programming? The instructor that has performed all the necessary front-end research does not worry about these questions; the answers are in the report handed to management. How to cite Goal of a Designer, Essay examples

Jim Jones free essay sample

Jim Jones BY brp0101609 * Jim Jones and the People Temple * When you think of Jim Jones and the People Temple the first thing that comes to mind is a mass suicide, not only involving one specific sex or race, but involving men, women, and children of all races. However, do we ever take the time to sit down and look into what Jim Jones and the People Temple actually stood for? There must be a reason behind all the things that were done. Behind the reason Pastor Jim Jones preached what he did and had such a major impact on the members of the Peoples Temple. People take leadership in many things throughout everyday life. Yes, some on more significant levels than others. There are leaders of groups, companies, churches, and even leaders of cults or whole nations. Every leader has their own way of going about things, but James Warren Jones Just went to a greater extent. We will write a custom essay sample on Jim Jones or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page * James Warren Jones was born May 13, 1931 in Indiana to parents James Thurman Jones and Lynetta Putnam. Jones claimed his father was associated with the Ku Klux Klan. Growing up Jones was seen as a weird child, with a great obsession for religion and death. It was brought to the attention that he would perform funerals for animals and even killed a cat with a knife. In his family his father did not work, while his mother worked to support the family. So Jones grew up as a wild child Just on his own. In the documentation, Jonestown: The Life and Death of Peoples Temple, Jones brings out how when growing up there was feeling as an outcast, Id early developed a sensitivity for the problems of blacks. (Nelson) This brought Jones at an early age to not segregate against African Americans. When the separation of Jones parents occurred he moved with his mother Lynetta to Richmond where he graduated early from Richmond High School in 1948. Jones then attended Indiana University at Bloomington. * The People Temple also known as the Jonestown Cult was founded in Indianapolis, in 1955 by James Warren Jones. James and wife Marceline Baldwin, who married in 1949 bought a building and moved the church there, changing the name to Wings of Deliverance Church. However, later that year the church was renamed again to The People Temple Full Gospel Church. In 1960 Jim and Marceline were the first to adopt an African American child into their white family in Indianapolis. After many years of ministry here in Indianapolis, Jones and his family did some study. When they returned the first demonstration of power that he had amongst the People Temple members was brought out. Jones announced to his congregation that his family would be moving to Redwood Valley, California. He encouraged the members of Peoples Temple to relocate with him. (Maaga 2) Just from looking at this statement Jones was able to persuade his members to move with him. The reason he gave the members was that Ukiah was one of 9 places on earth that would survive a Nuclear Attack. Jones got about 70 or more members to relocate to Redwood Valley, California in 1965. They spent a few years growing as a church etting new members starting with a few here and there. Finally, the People Temple was able to build a church of their own in Redwood Valley, which the group named Happy Acres. (Maaga 3) Once this occurred the number of members grew significantly especially since the ministry was expanded to urban blacks of Los 1972. * The Peoples Temple was gathering more and more members as it went on. Over summer they would take bus trips and go around preaching to places. The purpose of these bus trips was to gather more members and spread the word. People would hear Jim Jones speak and pack their things and get on the bus with them. The members of the People Temple were a majority of African American people. Members themselves would say how, Jim sounded like a black man, he fit right in. (Nelson) So it was as if there was some kind of connection between them that they Just understood each other in some way. What kind of things was Rev. Jim Jones preaching that had these people Jumping for Joy? The main message of the Peoples Temple was, The Dream is Alive. (Nelson) Jones claimed that there was no heaven up there; you have to make a haven down here. For what you see is what you know. He would preach to people that he would be whatever they wanted him to be, if you see me as your friend Ill be your friend, if you see me as your father Ill be your father, if you see me as your God Ill be your God(Nelson). When hearing this and listening to him preach the members Just ate up every word he said and most never questioned any of it. There were defiantly things being done wrong within the church. The biggest one was his sexual approach of things. Jones used sex to tie people to the group. Like a matinee idol or some politicians, he promoted himself as the ultimate sex object. Reiterman 172) He would offer himself to men and women of the church. To him everyone was a homosexual and he was the only heterosexual, and all sexual relationships between people were selfish. It was getting out of control one man even brought out how,]oness sex life is really getting kinky. One of my friends heard him say he can go to bed with any of the girls when they reach eighteen. (Kerns 132-133). How could any pastor think such a thing? These are young women Just entering their adult stage and you want to go to bed with them now that there legal. That is disgustingly wrong to even have that thought cross your mind. These are not the only things wrong with the church. There were beatings taken place and family members turning against one another. If one wanted to leave they couldnt say goodbye for it was like the Gestapo in Germany and they would report them. Pretty much once you got involved with the Peoples Temple there was no way out. Even though all this unrightfully stuff was going on within the church, it is still known that he had power, there was no doubt about it. (Kerns 40) He has had such an impact on people that no matter what he does, members still fear him and his doings. Jones liked to keep things secret and he didnt like his members leaving. They feared leaving the temple for they feared what may happen to them. Many changed their names, tried to get family to also get out of the church with them but one was on their own. Any fraternizing with an outsider was no small sin. (Kerns 75) and punishments were defia ntly assigned. Phil Kerns, author of Peoples Temple Peoples Tomb, talks about the actions he took while part of the Temple and even once he got out. His punishment for associating with a teacher about things other than homework was that no one was allowed to talk to him for 48 hours, a whole 2 days. Rev. Jim Jones was a God to people. One man named Archie James told a household member of Jones that, The only God I believe in is Jim Jones. . (Kerns 58) For someone to call this man there god is crazy; they must have really been touched happened pretty much over night. A newspaper article was coming out the next morning about Jim Jones and how they should investigate him. The article had information from a former member. She read what was going to be printed to Jones over the phone the day before and he made the decision then to have everyone flown over. Guyana was a location in South America that was being built for the People Temple. It was in the middle of the forest. A plan of 90 members went in December of 1975 to check the progress of the community and the building. Footage showing the first there looked like freedom everyone wanted to go. (Nelson) There was letters and footage getting sent back of people Just loving it there. The people that were not there were Jealous and Just could not wait.